HCF and LCM
HCF and LCM are fundamental arithmetic concepts frequently tested in TU CMAT, KUUMAT, BBA, BIM, BHM, and management entrance examinations. They form the basis for solving problems involving divisibility, fractions, ratios, time cycles, and number theory.
Practice MCQs for HCF and LCM
Fundamental Principles
Factor
A factor of a number is an exact divisor of that number.
Multiple
A multiple of a number is obtained by multiplying it by integers.
Highest Common Factor (HCF)
The largest number that divides two or more numbers exactly.
Greatest Common Divisor (GCD)
Another name for HCF.
Least Common Multiple (LCM)
The smallest positive number that is divisible by each of the given numbers.
Prime Factorization
Expressing a number as a product of prime numbers.
Co-prime Numbers
Two numbers whose HCF is 1.
Essential Formulation Tips
- Use prime factorization for large numbers.
- Use Euclidean division method for quick HCF calculations.
- Always check if numbers are co-prime first.
- For repeating events, think LCM.
- For equal grouping or division, think HCF.
Shortcut Execution Techniques
- If two numbers are co-prime, their LCM is simply their product.
- HCF of consecutive integers is always 1.
- LCM of consecutive co-prime integers equals their product.
- To find HCF quickly, repeatedly divide larger number by smaller number.
- LCM problems often appear in clock, bell, and work cycle questions.
Contextual Inquiries (FAQs)
Q: What is the difference between HCF and LCM?
A: HCF is the largest common factor, whereas LCM is the smallest common multiple.
Q: When should I use HCF in word problems?
A: Use HCF when dividing objects into the largest equal groups.
Q: When should I use LCM in word problems?
A: Use LCM when finding when repeating events occur together.
Example Breakdown: Finding HCF
Basic HCF problem.Factors of 24 = 1,2,3,4,6,8,12,24
Factors of 36 = 1,2,3,4,6,9,12,18,36
Highest common factor = 12
Example Breakdown: Finding LCM
Prime factorization method.12 = 2² × 3
18 = 2 × 3²
LCM = 2² × 3² = 36
Example Breakdown: Using HCF × LCM
CMAT favorite question.Product = HCF × LCM
Product = 6 × 180 = 1080
Other number = 1080 ÷ 30 = 36
Example Breakdown: Bell Ringing Problem
Common entrance exam question.Find LCM of 12, 18, and 24
LCM = 72
They ring together after 72 minutes.
Example Breakdown: Grouping Problem
Word problem application.Find HCF of 96 and 144
HCF = 48
Maximum number of boxes = 48
CMAT HCF Basics Set 1
Fundamental HCF concepts and calculations.
Q1. Find the HCF of 12 and 18.
Q2. Find the HCF of 20 and 30.
Q3. Find the HCF of 24 and 36.
Q4. Find the HCF of 15 and 25.
Q5. Find the HCF of 28 and 42.
Q6. The HCF of two prime numbers is:
Q7. Find the HCF of 8 and 12.
Q8. Find the HCF of 16 and 24.
Q9. Find the HCF of 9 and 27.
Q10. HCF is also known as: